Describe the similarities and differences among the six types of mixed-method designs.
The mixed methods according to the textbook is as follows:
Convergent parallel design. The quantitative and qualitative methods are implemented at the same time. The findings are integrated and interpreted together.
Exploratory sequential design. The qualitative method is implemented first, and the quantitative method next.
Explanatory sequential design. The quantitative method is implemented first and is followed by the qualitative method.
Embedded design. The primary method may be qualitative or quantitative, but the researcher adds the other component to gain additional insight. For example, a quantitative design might be supplemented by a case study. These designs may be implemented either concurrently or sequentially.
Transformative design. Creswell and Plano Clark (2011) suggest that the unique feature of a transformative design is that it uses a theoretical perspective with a social justice focus (such as feminist research or participatory action research). Such research is done to improve the well-being of vulnerable populations.