- Present the general issue grounded in the research literature that leads to the need for the study.
- Clearly describe and document the problem prompting the study. Include appropriate published or relevant primary sources to document the existence of a problem worthy of Ph.D. doctoral-level research. Please consider: what perspective is represented? For example, is the problem an individual-level problem, an organizational problem, an industry problem, or a social problem?
- Consider the theories relevant to predict, explain, and understand the problem.
- To identify and articulate a problem, consider the potential negative consequences to the field or stakeholders if the proposed research is never conducted.